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Searching Library Catalogs
Although books take a long time to be published and are not always the most current sources of information, they offer a thorough review of the topic. Search the Webcat using the following Library of Congress Subject Headings:
Full Text Articles
- Sports Business Research Network (SBRNet) - Provides market research and industry news including coverage of sports equipment sales, sports participation, consumer expenditures, sports marketing, sports facilities and more.
- Factiva - Provides full text of journals and newspapers, including the Wall Street Journal.
- ProQuest - For the full text of scholarly and business journals.
- InfoTrac Web - Including the General Business File, this is also a good place to find articles on the professional sports business.
Useful Print Resources, Journals and Web Sites
Sports Business Journal estimates that $194 billion is spent each year in sports.
Americans At Play - GV191.4.W44 - Includes a few tables of interest, including average ticket prices and consumer spending on sporting events.
Businessofbaseball.com - provides historical statistics on salaries, attendance, Nielsen ratings. etc.
Cases in sport marketing. Electronic Book via Netlibrary - Cases on Reebok, Avid Sports, Smugglers' Notch Resort, Pier 39 Licensed Products Stores, Salt Lake City 2002 Winter Olympic Games, Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA), and B3: The Bikes, Blades, and Boards Tour.
Economic Aspects of Sport (#8) - A bibliography listing relevant books/periodical articles compiled by Andrew Yiannakis, Director of the Laboratory for Leisure, Tourism & Sport at UCONN.
Economics of Professional Team Sports - GV716.D69
Economics of Sports - GV583.E36
- Encyclopedia of Accounting Systems. HF5635.E54 1994 v. 1 - Volume 1 (Information Desk1) has a useful section on College and Professional Sports Organizations.
Financial World. Annual issue in May/June on sports franchises. - Great data/charts on all sports franchises each year up to 1997. The publication of this magazine has ceased. No other source (as of yet) compiles such detailed information on sports franchises.
Hard Ball: The Abuse of Power in Pro Team Sports - GV716.Q566 - Contents: The Scene of the Crime -- The Media -- Unions -- Players -- Owners -- Leagues -- State and Local Politics -- Breaking up that Old Gang of Mine -- Tables.
Hoovers - Use Hoovers to look up information on the leagues or specific teams. Gives an overview, history, news, officers & employees, location, products/operations, competitors & industry information, and brief financials. For more detailed financials on public teams, use Thomson Research (Babson Community only). Some teams that have financial statements available include: - Boston Celtics
- Cleveland Indians Baseball
- Florida Panthers Holdings, Inc.
- Orlando Predators (football)
Information Please - This online almanac has information on sports franchises and their values, lists the top TV-rated, Cable-TV, and Pay-Per-View sports events, lists the Forbes Top 40 best paid athletes, as well as a directory of main sports associations. Also, see Ballparks and Arenas area. Inside the Ownership of Professional Sports Teams. - GV583.I57 (Reference)- The complete directory of the ownership and financial structure of pro sports arranged by team. DEFINITELY take a look at this resource!
Market Structure of Sports - GV716.S38 (Information Desk1)
Major league losers: the real cost of sports and who's paying for it. - GV716.R67
May the best team win: baseball economics and public policy - GV880 .Z58 Contents: Baseball's presumed antitrust exemption -- Competitive balance: leveling the playing field -- Profitability -- Collective bargaining -- The stadium issue. Pay dirt: the business of professional team sports. - GV716.Q57 (Information Desk1) - Contents: The market for sports franchises -- Taxes, taxes, and more taxes -- Stadiums and arenas -- The reserve clause and antitrust laws -- Why do pro athletes make so much money? -- Competitive balance in sports leagues -- Rival leagues and league expansion: baseball, basketball, and hockey -- Rival leagues: the great football wars.
Playing for Dollars: Labor Relations and the Sports Business. - GV716.S72 CONTENTS: Introduction -- Baseball -- Football -- Basketball -- Hockey -- Past as Prologue. Within the text there are many useful data tables including: Fan Cost Index, National TV Rights Fees, ownerships of teams, salaries of athletes, average attendance at games, etc.
Playing the Field: Why Sports Teams Move and Cities Fight to Keep Them. - Information Desk1 GV706.35 .E93
The Report of the Independent Members of the Commissioner's Blue Ribbon Panel on Baseball Economics, July 2000. New York: Office of the Commissioner, Major League Baseball, 2000.
SportsLink Central Sports Data
Sports Economics. Rodney Fort. GV716 .F68
Sports Advantage: the comprehensive guide to sports marketing opportunities. - HF5410.122.S66 (Reference)
Sports Marketing: Competitive Business Strategies for Sports. - GV716 .B76 (Information Desk1)
The Sports Illustrated Sports Almanac. - GV741.S768 (Reference) - Useful primarily for information on athletes and team averages.
Sports, Jobs and Taxes: The Economic Impact of Sports Teams and Stadiums. -
GV716.S647
Sports Market Place - HD9992.U5 S667 (Information Desk1) - Useful sections include:
- Section 2: Directory of Professional Leagues & Teams
- Section 14: Statistical Review (includes sponsorship, sales of sporting goods, and licensing trends data)
Sports Statistics on the Web - American Statistical Association Section on Statistics in Sports
Sports Tourism - G155.A1 S662
Ultimate Guide to Sport Event Management and Marketing. - GV713.G62 (Information Desk1)
Magazines and Journals:
Scholarly Sport Sites via University of Calgary
Financing Stadiums, Venues & Facilities
- Chapin's Stadia Home Page - The sports facility reference list, personal stadia research, and links to other sports facility home pages.
The Economics and Politics of Sports Facilities - GV429.E36
InfoPlease - Ballparks & Arenas
Relocating Teams and Expanding Leagues in Professional Sports: How the Major Leagues Respond to Market Conditions - GV716.J69 - Naming rights, New venues, Luxury suite prices, Club seat prices, Stadium/Arena listing, top stories, and Stadium/Arena Links.
Revenues From Sports Venues: Stadium & Arena - Naming rights, New venues, Luxury suite prices, Club seat prices, Stadium/Arena listing, top stories, and Stadium/Arena Links.
The Sports Stadium as a Municipal Investment. - GV415.B35
Playing the Field : Why Sports Teams Move and Cities Fight to Keep Them. - Information Desk1 GV706.35.E93
Professional Athletes Salaries
- A Pedestrian's Guide: Athlete's Salaries - An online resource by by Orley M. Amos, Jr., Professor of Economics at Oklahoma State University.
Minimum & Average Baseball Player Salaries 1967-1997 - Also, more baseball financial data is available at Baseball Archive.
Sports Fans of America - Pro-Athlete's Salaries
Unpaid professionals: commercialism and conflict in big-time college sports Andrew Zimbalist - GV351.Z56
USA Today - Baseball Salaries Database
Professional Sports Industry Information
See SBRnet Sports Business Research Network. The North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) code for Spectator Sports is 7112 and the standard industry classification (SIC) to use is 7941 - Professional Sports Clubs & Promoters.
Hoovers - Industry List. Search industry for Leisure - Professional Sports Teams & Organizations. Information about the industry, links to other resources, and links to profiles of pro sports teams covered by Hoovers. Encyclopedia of American Industries. - HC102.E53 v. 2 (Information Desk1)- Useful overview of industry as well as information on various leagues and industry terminology. Dun & Bradstreet's Million $ Database - D&B lists the address, phone, sales, number of employees, primary SIC, and officers.
Service Annual Survey (1998-2001) - Data by the U.S. Bureau of Census includes total estimated receipts for the Spectator Sports industry, NAICS 7112. See SIC 7941 from 1989-1998 for annual trends.
Encyclopedia of Associations - HS17.E6 (Information Desk1) - Associations often compile industry statistics. Use this resource to track down trade associations. Information Please also has a concise listing of sports related associations, as well as contact information for individual leagues at InfoPlease.com.
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